Air raid and like shelter



Feb. 13, 1945. o. PLOYER AIR RAID AND LIKE SHELTER Filed July 26, 1939 2 Sheets- Sheet 1 Filed July 26-, 1959 FIG. 4.

' 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Feb. 13, 1945 Search Room UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE AIR RAID AND LIKE SHELTER Otokar Ployer, Prague, Czechoslovakia; vested in the Alien Property Custodian Application July 26, 1939, Serial No. 286,688 In Germany June 10, 1934 1 Claim.

The invention relates to a construction of shelter in which inserts of deadening material are provided to prevent damage by penetrating pro- J'ectiles. Concrete structures with inserts of metal are already known which are throughout of the same material but these have the disadvantage that the explosive action of any projectiles striking them is not absorbed. In addition such concrete structures have the disadvantage that they are very difficult to make. Although the idea of providing a shock absorbing effect by using loose inserted material is old, the proposal to make a combined filling in structures of the kind referred to with inserts of deadening material is novel.

By the invention the disadvantages of known shelters are avoided to a great extent and a construction is provided which can be very rapidly produced and will deaden the explosive effect of penetrating projectiles. This result is obtained in'accordance with the invention by forming the shelter as a unitary structure of superposed metal frameworks, the members of which are partly filled with binding materials and partly with filling material. As binding material, cement, lime, mortar, asphalt, tar and the like can be used, while as the filling or shock absorbing material, sand, slag, paper, pulp, earth, loam, ashes, chemical absorption media, chloride of lime, charcoal, liquids, metal shavings or the like can be used.

Preferably, the metal frameworks with their filling are also stiffened by transverse struts. The use of filling material affords a great saving in binding material. At the same time the binding operation is accelerated. Moreover the deadening effect is obtained by the filling material. A further advantage of the invention resides in this that it is possible to construct for example concrete structures with rooms or chambers of suitable kind and-form. The separate cells of the framework form with one another a monolithic structure.

Several examples of constructions in accordance with the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a construction of shelter in section.

Fig. 2 a detail of assemblies of metal frameworks and filling, I

Fig. 3 is a view partly in elevation and partly in vertical section of a three-sided shelter construction having arcuate walls;

Fig. 4 is a partial View showing a modified form of construction of rectangular outline;

Fig. 5 is a similar View to Fig. 4 showing a construction of circular outline;

Fig. 6 is a view similar to- Fig. 4 but showing two spaced layers of deadening material; and

Fig. 7 is a vertical section partly in elevation showing a still further modification.

The shelter consists essentially of the solid walls E, C and A and of the room or chamber D formed thereby. The parts A and 0 form the roof and have between them a layer of deadening material B. The whole structure is formed of superposed metal frameworks F in the form of gratings having rectangular openings and composed of fiat vertical intersecting strips. According to the invention these are partly filled with binding material E. The shock absorbing insert is of filling material.

In addition the separate frameworks are stiifened by struts G which may be transverse or vertical (wires, iron rods, bars or the like). The most varied materials may be employed as binding materials and also as filling materials. In superposing the frameworks F on one another they may be offset in relation to one another or may fit in one another and if desired be secured against relative movement. The separate frames of the metal frameworks are completely filled with materials. In erection the frameworks are placed on one another in two or three rows and filled at the same time with binding material or with filling materials. The filling material and frameworks are built up at the same time so that it will be certain that actually all of the chambers are filled with materials. The possibility is thus afforded by offsetting and shifting the frameworks of producing suitable forms of structures.

In Figs. 2 to 6 difierent constructions are shown in which the inserts of deadening material are suitably selected and the chambers D present the most varied forms.

It will be seen from Fig. 2 of the drawings that the structure comprises a plurality of superposed frames forming a honey comb cellular structure with outer spaces filled with binding material and. inner spaces filled with shock absorbing material.

I claim:

An air raid shelter having a chamber therein and chamber walls being composed of a plurality of metal frames each having the form of a grating having angular openings and composed of fiat intersecting strips forming cells, certain of which are adjacent the outside of the shelter and others adjacent the inside, and with the strips of adjacent frames contacting one another at the ed es of the strip, each frame being arranged with its cells in staggered relation to the cells of an adjacent frame, said cells adjacent the out side and other cells being filled with binding material and the remaining cells being filled with shock absorbing material, all of the several parts f ing a monolithic structure.

OTOKAR PLOYER. 

